Universe History

The Prophet of Mercy

2012-01-13T03:37:00.000-08:00

For forty years Our Holy Prophet (Peace be upon him) demonstrate his excellent character as a perfect and practically ideal man. When one day the angel, Hazrat Jibrael came to him with the first revelation from his mighty Allah. The Holy Prophet (Peace be upon him) was chosen as the last prophet. So one after the other Allah sent his word and Hazrat Muhammad (Peace be upon him) spread the message with the light of faith and knowledge. He showed the people the right path, thus becoming a mercy for all the world. The Quran says:
Hazrat Muhammad's (Peace be upon him) life shows that he measured up to the highest standard of character and personality. He is reported never to have spoken in harsh word to any human-being, friend or foe. Hazrat Ans (Razi-Allah-O-Ta'ala Anho) reports, "I served the Holy Prophet (Peace be upon him) for ten years and in this long period he never spoke a harsh word in front of me, never scolded me and never showed displeasure at what I did.
He (Peace be upon him) never denounced me for what I had or failed to do." It is very easy to say this but we cannot find a single example of such forbearance, tolerance, patience and mercifulness. He is the best of all creation.
When the Holy Prophet (Peace be upon him) began preaching Islam, Makkah turned against him. He taught that there is but one Allah. The idols worshiped by the people were nothing but pieces of wood and stone. It was wrong to call them goods and worship them. He preached to the people that they should be good, honest, kind and virtuous.
Hazrat Muhammad (Peace be upon him) suffered every cruelty of his opponents with extreme patience and never even spoke a harsh word in return. Once he was so severely hurt by the people of Taif, that blood trickled down his legs and filled his shoes. Even then he prayed, and as the Prophet (Peace be upon him) walked by she would throw the garbage on him. He (Peace be upon him) never said a harsh word to her nor did he protest against it. One day he passed by the woman's house, but no garage fell on him. The Holy Prophet (Peace be upon him) looked up, the old woman was not there. He Knocked and asked for permission to enter. A feeble voice answered, "Come in." He walked in and found the old woman lying in bed with high fever.
When she realized who her visitor was, the old woman was greatly terrified. She thought the Prophet would punish her for her wrong deed. Holy Prophet (Peace be upon him) said, "Fear not, I am your well-wisher."
He (Peace be upon him) swept the house clean, fetched water for the old woman and offered her a glass of water. He then gave her medicine and comfort her. She was so impressed by his kindness that she embraced Islam and became a good Muslim.

Once Abu Jehl found the Holy Prophet (Peace be upon him) praying in the Holy Ka'aba. Finding the Prophet (Peace be upon him) alone, he decided to end his life. Hazrat Abu Bakr (Razi-Allah-O-Ta'ala Anho) came on the scene and he pushed away the enemy of Allah. He (Razi-Allah-O-Ta'ala Anho) said angrily. "Do you want to kill and a man who only asks you to leave your evil ways and who is good to orphans, widows, the poor and the needy."
Abu Jehl slunk away in silence, but the Prophet of Mercy (Peace be upon him) did not utter a hard word. He with his as it nothing had happened.

World Population

2012-01-08T06:54:00.001-08:00

Total world population now comes to about 725 cores. It is not evenly distributed over the land surface of the earth. Some parts of the world are very densely populated. In other parts, the population is spares. As a matter affect the density of population must be considered in the background of the resources of an area. If local resources can easily meet the needs of a dense population, the density does not matter. The human population is spread over the land surface in a squeer way. Just some parts of the land are cultivated while others are not, similarly the human population is dense somewhere and very spares to the existent of being almost absent elsewhere.

Pakistan and the World

2012-01-08T06:53:00.001-08:00

Introduction to the Speaker:
Liaquat Ali Khan was born on 1st October, 1895 and died on 16 October, 1951. He was the right hand man of Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah. He became the first Prime Minister of Pakistan in 1947 after the creation of Pakistan. He was educated at the Muslim University of Aligarh, the University of Oxford and Inner Temple, London He worked as Honorary General secretary of the All-India Muslim League.

Background of the Speech:
'Pakistan and the Modern World' is a text of the speeches of Liaquat Ali Khan. During his visit to the United States of America in 1950, he delivered this speech to acknowledge the conferment of an honorary degree upon himself by the University of Kansas. In his Speech he acquainted the world with Pakistan how Pakistan came into existence. Before it came into existence, it was only an ideal and longing. He emphasised that Pakistan's strength would be a happy augury for peace.
Summary
"Pakistan and the Modern World" is the text of a speech of Liaquat Ali Khan, the first Prime Minister of Pakistan and the right-hand man of Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah. He delivered this speech to acknowledge the conferment of an honorary degree upon himself by the University of Kansas during his visit to the United States of Amercia in 1950.
In his speech Liaquat Ali Khan acquainted the world with Pakistan how Pakistan came into existence and how it feared during the early years of independence. Before it came into existence, it was only an ideal and a longing. In South Asia where present day Bharat and Pakistan are situated and where the British held sway, there lived one hundred million Muslims who for for centuries had made this part of world their homeland. They lived side by side with three hundred million others-mostly Hindus who had come to this continent in an earlier era.

When the day of freedom for these four hundred million people drew near, it became obvious that at the end of the British rule the one hundred million Muslims would have to live their new life as a perpetual political minority. They knew that under a dominating majority of three to one, freedom from British rule would mean to the Muslims not freedom but merely a change of masters.
It was not only the difference of religion that made the Muslims a separate nation but also there were some other differences which separated the Muslims from the Hindus. The Muslims believed in and worshipped only one God whereas the Hindus believed in and worshipped many gods. The Muslims believed in the Prophet of Arabia and in Chris and the prophets of the Old Testament, whereas the Hindus did not. The differences were even more pervasive than this and created a maladjustment between the two peoples in almost every situation of their daily lives. The Hindus believed in a caste system but the Muslims believed in the equality of all men. Their economic outlooks were also different. The Muslims believed in the right of Private ownership for everyone and had laws of inheritance and economic institutions, whereas the Hindus did not have such laws and institutions. In addition to these differences, the Muslims feared that under the Hindu domination, the culture of the Muslims would suffer a great setback and would perhaps be totally eclipsed. Furthermore, the Muslims were more backward than the Hindus economically and industrially. Thus to the Muslims freedom from British rule meant practically nothing unless it meant freedom from the domination of the Hindu majority also. It was for these reasons that the Muslims demanded for a country of their own. To many, this demand sounded unreasonable at that time. But it was a reasonable demand.
The Muslims were numerous enough to constitute a nation bigger than most nations in the world. There were large enough areas where the Muslims were in a majority. The demand of the Muslims fro a separate homeland in British India was based on human and geo-political grounds. The creation of Pakistan has by itself dissolved what would have been a perpetual danger zone in Asia. But Pakistan has done more than that. Almost in every country of Asia there is intense nationalism. great backwardness, impatience with colonial rule. In most of the Asian countries there are internal strains, moral doubts, ideological conflicts, wavering, hesitation and confusions. In the midst of these Pakistan stands unified because the Pakistanis are free from mental confusion and moral doubts. They have chalked out for themselves simple, practical and clear-cut beliefs and decisions. They believe in the supreme sovereignty of God, in the equality of men, in democracy, in individual destiny, in the fundamental freedoms of every man and woman, in the sanity of human life and human liberty, in the sanctity of the home, in universal peace, in resisting aggression, tyrant and exploitation. The Muslims of the sub-continent founded a state i.e. Pakistan because they wanted to practise there beliefs without being checked by their neighbours and without being thwarted by other conflicting ways of life.
The Western World must demonstrate that true democracy is international. Liaquat Ali Khan is certain that the vast majority of the American people regard the emergence of the democracy of Pakistan and its progress and future development, as of great importance in Asia, for they are convinced that Pakistan's strength will be a happy augury for peace.
Tags: Pakistan, The Countries, The History, World

Babur (1526-1530)

2012-01-08T06:50:00.001-08:00

About Mughals: The Mughal dynasty dominated much of India from 1525 to 1857, although from 1707 onwards, it had very little power. At its peak, it was on e of the most brilliant empires in the world. The Mughals were excellent administrators and established some organizational structures that are still in use today, 300 years later. Their other main interests were art, architecture, music and literature, although they tended to neglect technology and science. As a result, India, in spite of its great resources, fell further and further behind the west in this area and for long remained in a king of Medieval world.
Babur (1526-1530)
The Mughal dynasty was founded by Babur, who was a descendant of both Chinghez and Timur. He claimed that northern India really belonged to him because Timur had conquered it over a hundred years earlier.

Humayun (1530-1540)

2012-01-08T06:49:00.001-08:00

Babur's death left his 23 year old son Humayun in charge of an empire which was still far from secure. He was clever and capable but was not suited to running an unsettled kingdom. He managed to capture Gujrat and then wasted time amusing himself while brilliant Afghan leader from the east, Sher Shah Suri, conquered Bengal. Humayun marched against Sher Shah Suri, but he and his already exhausted army were defeated in two great battles (1540). Humayun fled, and at last found a home in Persia. He married Hamida Bano, the daughter of ta Punjabi nobleman. In Sindh in 1542, when she was only 15 years old, a son was born. This was Akbar -- later one of the most influential emperors in Mughal History.

The Career of Akbar the Great

2012-01-08T06:48:00.001-08:00

Akbar, who reigned from 1556 to 1605, was one of the greatest emperors in the history of the subcontinent and the world. One of his ancestors was Timur.
Early Life of Akbar

Akbar came to the throne at the age of 13 in 1556. The army chief, Bairam, his mother and foster-mother brought him up. He did not like their strict discipline. Although intelligent, he never learned to read or write, but he noted many thing that were to help him later on.
In 1556, a nobleman named Hemu rebelled and declared himself ruler in Delhi. His forces were defeated by Bairam at the Second Battle of Panipat, and Hemu, dying from an arrow wound, was brought to Akbar. The 14 year old was made to kill him with his sword to show he had legally won the crown.

Akbar's Reforms

2012-01-08T06:47:00.001-08:00

When Akbar had settled the rebellions that occurred in the early years of his reign, he determined to make his empire better, richer and more just for everyone. He tried to establish a real Indian culture, rather than imposing an alien culture on the local inhabitants as the Persian, Afhan and Mongol invaders had done in the past. In order to achieve this, he believed that people of different races and religions should learn to live together as equals. There were four main aspects of his reform programme:
Army
Akbar knew that a well-trained army was necessary to put down rebellions and to conquer more land. He abolished the old jagir system whereby senior army officers had been paid by land grants. Akbar himself chose and paid his commanders. They all took an oath of loyalty to him alone.
Under the mansabdari system he set up, the nobles were given ranks. They were all paid to recruit, equip, train and command a certain number of soldiers. The lowest noble had to keep a force of ten trained man, chiefs and important nobles maintained up 5000 soldiers, while royal princess maintained up to 10,000 soldiers. Every year they had to parade before the emperor to show that they were ready for battle. By this means, Akbar always had an efficient, well-trained army ready at a moment's notice to go to war.

Jehangir and Shah Jehan

2012-01-08T06:46:00.000-08:00

Jehangir succeeded his father Akbar without a family struggle because both of his brothers were already dead. He was a sound ruler for much of his reign. He was not as controversial as his father, but as the empire was settled and prosperous, he sensibly did not try to change too many of Akbar's ideas on government. He tried to please the Muslims by banning the sale of alcohol and reduced some taxes. As seven of his eighteen wives were Hindu, he managed to please the Hindus as well.
Early in his reign, Jehangir's popular son Khusrau led an unsuccessful rebellion against him. His followers were severely punished. He himself was partially blinded and handed over to his younger brother, in whose custody he soon died, or perhaps was murdered. One effect of Khusrau's rebellion was the capture and murder of his accomplice, the Sikh guru, Arjun. This act angered the Sikhs: they became a warrior nation, determined for centuries to take revenge on the Muslims.

Aurangzeb's Achievements

2012-01-08T06:44:00.001-08:00

Most would agree that Aurangzeb was incredibly brave, a fine general, a good administrator and a generous ruler. He was also extremely devout and lived a simple, pure life, unlike many of his nobles.
Aurangzeb inherited a court which, for over 50 years, had been the centre of wealth and luxury. Many nobles as forgotten Islamic principles in their search for pleasure and no longer wished to participate in the often harsh military campaigns. Aurangzeb decided that the state must return to the more traditional, religious way of life.

Aurangzeb's Career

2012-01-08T06:43:00.003-08:00

In 1657 Emperor Shah Jehan fell seriously ill, and his four sons prepared to fight for the throne. Dara Shikoh took control, Shuja enthroned himself as emperor and Murad Baksh declared independence. Only Aurangzeb waited in the Deccan where he was governor and then marched north to defeat what was left of his brother' armies after they had fought amongst themselves. Aurangzeb was crowned emperor in 1658, but the wars of succession continued until 1660 when his brothers were finally hunted down and killed. Shah Jehan was imprisoned in the fort at Agra where, though he was treated kindly, he remained a captive until he died six years later. During all of this upheaval, parts of the empire broke away and became independent.
Rebellions in the east (1664-1666)
Aurangzeb's armies first drove out the Assamese who had invaded Bengal, and, though they never completely conquered Assam itself, the king had to accept Aurangzeb as his overload and give large amounts of treasure. The port of Chittagong was seized, and the estuary cleared of the Portuguese-funded local pirates who had made the area very dangerous for merchants. Ports on the Ganges estuary developed rapidly, and Bengal became very prosperous with French, British, Danish as well as Indian trading posts.

King Faisal of Saudi Arabia

2012-01-08T06:41:00.001-08:00

The late King Faisal of Saudi Arabia was born in 1907, and was the second son, of King Abdul Aziz Ibne Saud. He received his religious education from his maternal grand-father. After completing his education, he started taking interest in the affairs of the state. At the age of twenty, he was made Governor of Hijaz. Later he served as Saudi Foreign Minister and visited several countries of the World. After the death of King Abdul Aziz his eldest son Saud became the king. Faisal was made the Crown Prince and Prime Minister in 1958. His elder brother King Saud fell ill in 1964, and Faisal was chosen as the king.

King Faisal was devoted to Islam. He was a good Muslim and led a simple life. He was a good leader and proved to be an able ruler. He loved his people and ruled the country wisely. The main source of the income of Saudi Arabia is mineral oil. Faisal considered education very important for the progress of his people. He opened many schools, where education is free for all. He also awarded stipends to the students. He also spread a net work of hospitals and dispensaries all over the country.
The King had a strong desire to unite the Muslims of the world and did his best to bring the Muslims living in different countries closer. King Faisal was a sincere friend and well wisher of the people of Pakistan. He gave generous help to this country on several occasions. On the separation of East Pakistan which is now Bangladesh he was deeply grieved.
He was the religious leader of the Muslims and the guardian of two holy places of Makkah and Madinah. He was shot dead by a wicked nephew of his own on 25th March, 1973. The Muslims all over the world mourned his death. The Muslims will remember him him as a noble and pious Muslim leader and his name will live for ever in their hearts.

The 4th Caliph of Islam Hazrat Ali (RA)

2012-01-08T06:36:00.000-08:00

The Qazi's court in Madinah was packed to its capacity. The Qazi had summoned Hazrat Ali (RA), the Caliph of Islam, to appear in a case filed against him by a Jew who had claimed the Caliph's armor. The Caliph arrived at the court and stood by the side of the plaintiff without caring about his own exalted position. The claimant produced several witnesses in support of his claim. The learned Qazi, then asked Hazrat Ali (RA) if he had to say anything in his defense. Hazrat Ali (RA) replied in negative. There upon the Qazi divided the case in favor of the Jews and awarded the armor to the Jewish, which, Hazrat Ali (RA) had actually purchased from him. The Jewish was taken aback by the impartial judgement of the Qazi and returned armor to the Caliph saying that the illustrious Caliph had actually purchased the armor from him. He had filed the suit in order to test the impartiality of the Caliph and his courts which, had magnificently withstood the test.

Hazrat Ali (RA) was, the Fourth 4th Caliph of Islam, was a versatile genius. Few persons have ever been endowed with the unsurpassed traits of chivalry and learning, piety and clarity of thought and imagination that distinguished the illustrious son-in-law of the Prophet (Peace be upon him) who had brought him up under his own fostering care and ideal guardianship. Hazrat Ali (RA) has universally been acclaimed as one of the best products of Islam. His bravery had won him the title of 'Lion of God.'

Hazrat Ali ibn Abu Talib (RA) whose kunniyat was Abul Hasan, was born in the 13th year of the Year of Elephant. He was a cousin of the Prophet (peace be upon him) and his clan Banu Hashim having been entrusted with the high function of the custody of the sacred Kaaba, was held in high esteem, throughout Arabia. Abu Talib, who had a large family entrusted his son Ali (RA) to the care of the Prophet (peace be upon him). Hazrat Ali (RA) was brought up by the Prophet (peace be upon him) himself from his very childhood -- a factor, which greatly contributed to cultivating extraordinary virtues in him. According to reliable historical sources, Hazrat Khadija (RA) was the first woman, Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique (RA), the first man and Hazrat Ali (RA) was the first child to embrace Islam. Hazrat Ali (RA) played a conspicuous role at the time of the Prophet's migration from Makkah.
While Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) accompanied the Prophet (PBUH), constantly harassed and hunted by the Quraish of Makkah, on his perilous journey to Madinah, Hazrat Ali (RA) was kept behind to return to the owners the valuables they had entrusted to the custody of the Prophet (PBUH), It speaks volumes for the intergrity of the Prophet (PBUH) that even his sworn enemies reposed full trust in his honesty and deposited their valuables with him. Hazrat Ali (RA) slept soundly in the house of the Prophet (PBUH) besieged by his enemies. The next morning he cleared the accounts and departed for Madinah.

The Prophet (PBUH) selected the young talented Ali (RA), as the life partner for his favorite daughter Fatima az-Zahra (RA), the beautiful. The nuptial ceremony was performed with utmost simplicity, which will serve as an example for all times to come. The dowry given to the beloved daughter of the Prophet consisted of a sheet of cloth, a few earthen utensils and a grinding stone. Three sons, Hazrat Imam Hassan (RA), Hazrat Imam Hussain (RA) and Hazrat Mohsin (RA) and two daughters Hazrat Zainab (RA) and Hazrat Umme (RA) Kulsum were born.
The lineage of the Prophet continued through Hazrat Imam Hassan and Hazrat Imam Hussain (AS), hence their descendants are called Syed (Master).

Hazrat Ali (RA) lived a humble and simple life;he earned his living through manual labour. He could not add anything to the property of the house and his beloved wife performed all household duties with her own hands. Faced with extreme poverty, the humanitarianism and the spirit of charity and self-sacrifice and self-denial of this ideal couple of Islam have hardly any parallel in the annals of mankind.

Hazrat Ali (RA) was chosen by the Prophet (PBUH) to carry the message of Islam to the people of Yemen, where earlier Muslim missionaries had failed. There he met with great success and the tribe of Hamdan embraced Islam the same day.

The Prophet (PBUH), he took a leading part in all defensive campaigns except Tabuk, when reluctantly he had to stay back in Madinah under the orders of the Prophet (PBUH) who said, "You stand to me in the same relation in, which Aaron stood to Moses, except that there is to be no Prophet after me."

Hazrat Ali (RA) unique valor for the first time in the battle of Badr, when he overpowered Waleed and Sheba, the renowned warriors of Arabia in single combats. In the battle of Ohad, when the standard bearer of Islam fell fighting, he took hold of the standard and killed the enemy standard bearer. This exceptional heroism made people declare, 'La fata llla Ali' (There is no youth like Ali). Two years after, he met Amr ibn Abad Wudd, the greatest known warrior of Arabia in a duel and killed him. Of all his marital exploits, the most outstanding was the capture of the citadel of Khaibar, which was regarded impregnable. It was strongly fortified by the Jews and withstood repeated attacks by Muslims under the command of Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddiqui and Umar. Thereupon the Prophet (PBUH) said, "Tomorrow the standard of Islam will be entrusted to a person who would capture it and who loves God and His Messenger whom God and His Messenger also Love." The next morning Hazrat Ali (RA) was summoned in the presence of the Prophet (PBUH). Incidentally he was suffering from bad eyesore. The Prophet (PBUH) applied his saliva to his eyes, and placed the standard in his hands. Hazrat Ali (RA) made a dash and captured the fort by tearing asunder the huge gate, which could not be moved by dozens of men.

During the reign of the first two Caliphs, Hazrat Ali (RA) was the principal adviser of the State. He solved all knotty problems and important decision was taken by the Caliphs without his advice. His advice was sought on all matters, especially legal and religious on which he was considered an authority. After the death of the Prophet (PBUH), he mostly devoted his energies to the development of the moral and intellectual life of the adherents of the new faith and seldom took part in warfare. Most of the great administrative works during the reign of Hazrat Umar (RA) were undertaken at his instance.

Hazrat Ali (RA) was elected Caliph after, the martyrdom of Hazrat Usman (RA), at a time when the world of Islam was in great turmoil and Madinah; the Metropolis, was besieged by insurgents. The inhabitants of Madinah and neighboring provinces vied with on another in taking the oath of allegiance to him, as he was the most deserving person for the high post among and faithful. But Muawiya, who had gathered great power around himself, clamoured for avenging the blood of Hazrat Usman (RA). Muawiya, being a clever person, realized that he had hardly any chance for the exalted position in the presence of Hazrat Ali (RA), hence he devised this means of winning popular support. The insurgents were two powerful to be dealt with and a hasty step would have culminated in the disintegration of the Empire. This restrained Ali's (RA) hands, The situation had become so critical and the political atmosphere was so much explosive, that any drastic action taken against the insurgents would have endangered the security of the new state. Hazrat Ali (RA) opponents had, however, resolved to exploit the situation to their advantage.

His demand for avenging Usman's blood was not inspired by high motive. Hazrat Ali (RA) explored all possibilities of amicable settlement before declaring war against Muawiya in the interest of national solidarity. On 12th Rajab 36 A.H. Kufa accorded a royal welcome to the Caliph and made elaborate arrangements for his entertainment in the local palace. But being a saintly person, Hazrat Ali (RA) shunned all pageantries and preferred to camp in an open field. The two forces lay facing each other, as Hazrat Ali (RA) and Hazrat Aisha (RA) wanted to avoid a clash and negotiate for a settlement. She was respectfully sent back to Madinah escorted by noble ladies and the Caliph in person saw her off for a considerable distance.

Hazrat Ali (RA) now diverted his attention to Muawiya, the rebel Governor of Syria, who was threatening the solidarity of the young state. Being humane by nature. Hazrat Ali (RA) tried his level best to bring about a peaceful settlement and avoid shedding of Muslim blood. But Muawiya advanced impossible conditions. Hazrat Ali offered to end the quarrel by personal combat, but the Umayyad declined the Challenge. At last the fateful hour arrived and the two forces fought a bloody battle. "The rebels were defeated in three successive battles" says a well-known historian, and Muawiya was ready to fly from the field. when a trick of his accomplice Amr, son of Aas, saved them from destruction.

These internal dissensions within the house of Islam gave birth to a new fanatical horde called Kharijis, which probed to be a great menace for the administration of Hazrat Ali (RA). They spread disorders throughout the domains of the Caliph, killing innocent people and converting them to their fanatical creed by force. The Caliph, who faced the turmoils and turbulence around him with extraordinary courage and patience dealt with the Khariji fanatics with a strong hand and exterminated them after a bloody battle.

Hazrat Ali (RA) was elected as a Caliph in the most stormy period of Islamic History. He was a versatile genius. Being brought up by the Prophet (PBUH) himself and having had the chance of spending about 30 years in his company, Hazrat Ali (RA) occupies the unique position of being the greatest intellectual among the Companions of the Prophet (PBUH). Like Aristotle he is known as the father of Islamic learning.. He was the greatest Mujtahid and jurist of his time and one of the greatest of all times. He solved all vexing and complicated problems, which defied solution. As already stated he was the principal of adviser on religious and legal matters during the reign of the first three Caliphs. All knotty problems were referred to to him and his verdict was considered final. Evan such high personalities as Hazrat Umar (RA) and Hazrat Aisha (RA) referred their difficulties of him. All schools of religious though regard him as the father of Islamic mysticism.
Hazrat Ali was undoubtedly the greatest jurist of early Islam. Once two women who were quarrelling over an infant child -- each claiming it, were produced before him. On hearing the statements of both the claimants, Hazrat Ali ordered the child to be cut to pieces. The real mother was overwhelmed with grief and weep only pleaded to the Caliph to spare the child. Hazrat Ali awarded the child to its real mother and punished the other woman.

During his Caliphate, he had to offer even his favourite sword for sale in order to purchase a piece of cloth. In spite of being extremely poor, he never turned away in disappointment anyone who knocked at his door. One night he watered a garden of Madinah and received grain as his wage. The next morning when he returned home he got a portion of grain boilded. But he gave the whole of it to a beggar who knocked at his door. This was repeated on three successive days with the result that he himself had to go without food for three days.

His administration steered clear of partisanship, favouritism or nepotism. He was particularly severe on his Governors and kept a regular watch on their actions. Once his own cousin Ibn Abbas, the Governor of Basra, drew some money from the Baitul Mat for his personal expenses.
Hazrat Ali (RA) questioned his action and He strengthened his frontiers and raised impregnable fortifications on the northern frontiers of Persia. With the martyrdom of Hazrat Ali (RA), ended the glorious regime of the pious Caliph.

Islamic History

2012-01-08T06:29:00.001-08:00

Birth of Islam
As we study the history of Islam in the context of world history the point that is forced to notice is that while the birth of Islam is unique phenomenon in the annals of mankind, yet its due importance has not been recognised in the history of the world. in the histories of the world written by western scholars only passing references have been made to the birth of Islam, and its proper significance vis a vis the history of mankind has not been appreciated. The position is that when in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries the western powers became imperial powers they did not merely colonise Muslim lands, they colonised Muslim history as well. In order to project the superiority of the West the western scholars presented Islam as something medieval which was responsible for the backwardness of the Muslims. As a matter of fact the truth has been the other way round. When the Muslims owned Islam they rose to great heights; when they wavered in their allegiance to Islam they fell to great depths. The Muslims came to grief during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries not because they owned Islam, but because they had not been true to Islam. Now that there has been once again a Muslim awakening, and the colonial imperial powers ave retired from the Muslim lands, it is necessary that the history of Islam as presented by the western scholars should be de-colonised, and liberated from the intellectual bondage of the west.

Concept of History........

2012-01-08T06:27:00.001-08:00

Concept of history
At one time the concept of history was that the unction of the historian was merely to record facts, and the facts would speak for themselves. This theory no longer holds good. Facts by themselves are apt to be dry as dust, and the historian must enliven them by imbuing them with some meaning. The role of the historian is not to act as a scribe, and copy out the narratives as available from historical sources. Such scissors and paste exercise would have no claim to be history. The true role of a historian stands on a higher pedestal. The historian has to make an enquiry into the past and arrive at rational conclusions about the how and why of what happened in history. The historian has to discover the past. History is thus basically an evaluation of the past, and the rule of the historian is to pass value judgements.

Laws of History

2012-01-08T06:26:00.001-08:00

Laws of history
According to Islam, the signs of God are to be observed not only in nature, but in history as well. History has therefore to be studied to discern the signs of God. Islamic history is to be conceived as a warning against certain pattern of action and exhortation to adopt a certain course of life. They Holy Quran enunciates some basic laws of history. The fundamental law is the law of Ibrah, i.e. warning and exhortation. The Holy Quran declares that the rise and fall of nations has a divine purpose to fulfil. It is also provided that Allah does not change the condition of a people unless they develop the will to change their condition. The Muslims are enjoined to undertake jihad in the name of God. It is at the same time stressed that the greatest Jihad is against man's lust. The Holy Prophet said,

What is History of Science???

2012-01-08T06:25:00.001-08:00

History as a science
There is a method and system about history. The historian has to approach his task with the spirit of a scientist. In the case of physical sciences, the scientist observes things, assembles facts and then interprets them. A historian like wise collects facts as they emerge during the historical and then interprets them. An historian is a scientist who studies the past scientifically. In this respect history may be regarded as the science of the past. Like the laws of physical science we have the laws of history. History is subject to the law of causation, cause and effect. All that happens in history has some cause, and it is the task of the historian to discover such cause. A law of history lies embedded in the dictum "History repeats itself."

What is History???

2012-01-08T06:24:00.001-08:00

History
When any event is reported in the press it makes a story. Most of such stories though sensational for the time being are of ephemeral character, and after some time fade out of public memory. Some events may nevertheless be of such importance that they outlive considerations of time and space, and their memory is preserved regardless of the passage of time. Such events make a higher type of story, and such high stories make history. History is thus a record of such important events which are not circumscribed by considerations of time and space.

Success with Internet Marketing The first steps to creating success with Internet Marketing ~ 7 Golden Steps

2011-11-18T05:40:00.001-08:00

<a href='http://thesuccesstribe.blogspot.com/2011/09/success-with-internet-marketing.html'>Success with Internet Marketing The first steps to creating success with Internet Marketing ~ 7 Golden Steps </a>

District of Sindh Provinces of Pakistan

2011-10-09T06:26:00.000-07:00

How many district in Sindh Province?

District of Sindh Province..

There are 23 District in Sindh Province of Pakistna
1. Badin

2. Dadu

3. Ghotki

4. Hyderabad

5. Jacobabad

6. Jamshoro

7. Karachi

8. Kashmore

9. Khairpur

10. Larkana

11. Matiari

12. Mirpurkhas

13. Naushahro Firoze

14. Shaheed Benazirabad

15. Qambar Shahdadkot

16. Sanghar

17. ShikarPur

18. Sukkur

19. Tando Allahyar

20 Tando Muhammad Khan

21. Tharparkar

22. Thatta

23. Umerkot

District Punjab Province of Pakistan

2011-10-09T06:20:00.000-07:00

How many District in Punjab Province?

District of Punjab Province..

There are 36 District in Punjab Province of Pakistan

1. Attock

2. Bahawalnagar

3. Bahawalpur

4. Bhakkar

5. Chakwal

6. Chiniot

7. Dera Ghazi Khan

8. Faisalabad

9. Gujranwala

10. Gujrat

11. Hafizabad

12. Jhang

13. Kasur

14. Khanewal

15. Jhelum

16. Kushab

17. Lahore

18. Layyah

19. Lodhran

20. Mandi Bahauddin

21. Mianwali

22. Multan

23. Muzaffaragarh

24. Narowal

25. Nankana Sahib

26. Okara

27. Pakpattan

28. Rahim Yar Khan

29. Rajanpur

30. Rawalpindi

31. Sahiwal

32. Sargodha

33. Sheikhupura

34. Sialkot

35. Toba Tek Singh

36. Vehari

District Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province

2011-10-09T06:04:00.000-07:00

How many district in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province?

District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province

There are 24 District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan.

1. Abbottabad

2. Bannu

3. Battagram

4. Buner

5. Charsadda

6. Chitral

7. Dera Ismail Khan

8. Hangu

9. Haripur

10. Karak

11. Kohat

12. Kohistan

13. Lakki Marwat

14. Lower Dir

15. Malakand

16. Mardan

17. Mardan

18. Nowshera

19. Peshawer

20. Shangla

21. Swabi

22. Swat

23. Tank

24. Upper Dir

District of Balochistan Provinces of Pakistan

2011-10-09T05:56:00.000-07:00

How many district in Balochistan Province?

District of Balochistan Province..

There are 30 District in Balochistan Province of Pakistan.

1.     Awaran

2.    Barkhan

3.     Bolan

4.     Chagai

5.     Gwadar

6.    Harnai

7.     Jafarabad

8.     Jhal Magsi

9.    Kalat

10.   Kech (Turbat)

11.   Kharan

12.   Kohlu

13.   Khuzdar

14.   Killa Abdullah

15.   Killa Saifullah

16. Dera Bugti

17. Lasbela

18. Loralai

19. Mastung

20. Musakhel

21. Nushki

22. Nasirabad

23. Panjgur

24. Pishin

25. Quetta

26. Sherani

27. Sibi

28. Washuk

29. Zhob

30. Ziarat

Provinces of Pakistan

2011-10-09T05:32:00.000-07:00

1. Balochistan

2. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

3. Punjab

4. Sindh